Many rifles and shotguns feature hunting scopes or other sighting devices, so it's not unusual for it to seem like something's missing when you see one that doesn't have a scope. They are becoming more and more popular for handguns, too. The major reason is that they make hitting a distant target easier, even if the weapon has an iron sight built in. When you aim through a magnifying scope or use a red dot laser light it is easier to see your target and have a more accurate shot.
Every hunting scope has a sizing system known as a number range. It indicates the scope's range of magnification and objective lens diameter. The first numbers of a 3-9x 40 hunting scope, for example, indicate it is a variable scope capable of showing objects three times closer than they appear to the naked eye, but it is also capable of going up to nine times the naked eye. The important thing here is how low is the magnification, not how high. This is because as the magnification increases, the amount of light through the eyepiece decreases
The final number is the objective lens diameter, measured in millimeters, and normally they are 40 to 45 millimeter, although some of the extreme models go up to 75 millimeters, even though it isn't necessary. The higher the number of the objective lens, the more light you get through your eyepiece. It is this delicate balance of magnification and objective lens diameter than determines the greatest detail, which is important for the most accurate shot.
Lenses are typically waterproof, fog-proof and are coated with single or multiple-layered coatings that help reduce glare and loss of light. Generally, the more layers of coatings-the sharper the contrast and the clearer the image will be. Fully, multi-coated scopes are generally regarded as the best lenses since they usually mean better light transmission and sharper contrast for the user.
The magnification range you choose depends on how much enlargement you need. Remember that the detail improves when you use a lower magnification, but you also need to think about whether you will be shooting at small targets from long distances. For example, you might choose a 3-9x 40 rscope for deer hunting, but you might want a 6-20x or an 8-25x variable rifle scope for pheasant or squirrel hunting because your targets will be far away.
The objective lenses of hunting scopes can also be variable or adjustable. External parallax adjustments are able to change the diameter of variable objective hunting scopes. A variable objective can make a difference with scopes that have greater than 10x magnification, but you probably won't see this feature on hunting scopes that use lower magnification.
You need to understand a rifle scope's measurements when you want to choose the best overall scope for the type of hunting you will be doing. The scope's measurements definitely can make quite a difference in the accuracy of your shots
You also will hear the term Field of View, or FOV, while you are considering different hunting scope optics. This term is a measurement which indicates how many feet, left to right, you are able to see when you are looking through the scope. Normally your FOV at a 100 yard distance using 3x magnification will be about 30 feet. As the magnification you use goes down, the Field of View goes up. The FOV typically is only about 14 feet at 9x magnification.
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